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Merriam-Webster evaluates new words based on their frequency of use, cultural relevance, and longevity. Words must be widely used in various sources, such as books, newspapers, and online platforms, to be considered for inclusion. They also look for words that have a clear meaning and can be easily defined. The dictionary aims to reflect the evolving nature of language and how society communicates.
Merriam-Webster updates its Collegiate Dictionary approximately every two decades, with the latest edition being the 12th, released in 2025. This update marks the first comprehensive revision since 2003. The infrequency of updates reflects the extensive research and consideration that goes into evaluating new words and phrases for inclusion.
Recent slang terms added to the Merriam-Webster dictionary include 'dad bod,' referring to a physique typical of a father, and 'rizz,' a term for charm or charisma, particularly in romantic contexts. Other notable inclusions are 'ghost kitchen,' describing a restaurant that serves delivery-only meals, and 'cancel culture,' which refers to the practice of withdrawing support from individuals or companies due to their controversial actions.
New words often emerge from societal trends, technological advancements, and shifts in popular culture. For example, terms like 'dad bod' and 'rizz' reflect changing attitudes towards body image and dating culture. The inclusion of words like 'ghost kitchen' highlights the impact of the food delivery industry on dining habits. As language evolves, these new terms capture the essence of contemporary life and the values of society.
Digital platforms have significantly influenced dictionaries by accelerating the spread of new words and phrases. Social media, blogs, and online articles contribute to the rapid popularization of language, making it easier for lexicographers to track emerging terms. Additionally, digital dictionaries can be updated more frequently than print versions, allowing them to reflect current usage and trends more accurately.
Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary was first published in 1898. Over the years, it has undergone several revisions to adapt to changing language and societal norms. The 12th edition, released in 2025, is notable for being the first major update in 22 years. This history demonstrates the dictionary's commitment to capturing the evolution of the English language while maintaining its authoritative status.
Dictionaries evolve by continuously monitoring language use across various media. Lexicographers analyze how words are used in context and assess their relevance over time. New editions often reflect shifts in cultural and social dynamics, incorporating terms that resonate with contemporary audiences. This process ensures that dictionaries remain relevant and serve as accurate records of language as it changes.
Dictionaries serve as essential tools in education by providing definitions, usage examples, and etymologies. They help students develop vocabulary and improve language skills. In addition, dictionaries foster critical thinking by encouraging learners to explore the nuances of language. Educators often use dictionaries to teach research skills and promote literacy, making them integral to language arts curricula.
Regional dialects influence dictionary entries by introducing unique words and phrases that reflect local culture and identity. Merriam-Webster aims to be inclusive by recognizing these variations, which can differ significantly across regions. This inclusion helps to document the richness of the English language and acknowledges the diverse ways people communicate, ensuring that the dictionary remains relevant to a wide audience.
Controversial words often include those associated with social movements or cultural debates. Recent additions like 'cancel culture' have sparked discussions about accountability and societal norms. Other terms, such as 'adulting' and 'WFH' (work from home), reflect changing work dynamics and generational attitudes. The inclusion of these words can provoke varying opinions on their implications and usage in society.
